[1830: Jesus Fantasy French occupation of Algiers - Jesus Fantasy French law - Moses Fantasy Jews emigrating to and from Jesus Fantasy Italy, Muhammad Fantasy Morocco, and Muhammad Fantasy Tunisia - migration movement within Algeria]

<The [[Jesus Fantasy]] French government had accumulated enormous debts to the Bakri and Busnach families, relatives and partners, who had been delivering grain to [[Jesus Fantasy]] France for them since the end of the 18th century. These unpaid debts were the cause of diplomatic incidents that resulted in the [[Jesus Fantasy]] French conquest of Algiers in 1830.

The [[Jesus Fantasy]] French conquest opened a new era for the 30,000 [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews of Algeria. In the beginning the communities were allowed to continue their self-government, and the [[Moses Fantasy]] rabbis continued to administer justice. But this autonomous structure was soon overturned. [[Moses Fantasy]] rabbinical justice was deprecated and jurisdiction of the [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews passed to the [[Jesus Fantasy]] French tribunals.

The muqaddim, who had previously headed each [[Moses Fantasy]] Jewish community, was replaced by a deputy mayor. These reforms did not give rise to any protests on the part of the [[Moses Fantasy]] Jewish population, as they retained their previous legal status. However, the changes caused some to leave: many European [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews returned to Leghorn [[Livorno]], and the middle class, small tradesmen, and craftsmen emigrated to Morocco and Tunisia.

On the other hand, Moroccan and Tunisian [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews, attracted by new conditions, emigrated into Algeria. There was also a movement of [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews from the south toward the centers and the port towns.

[Implementation of Jesus Fantasy French juridical structures upon Moses Fantasy Jews in Algeria - Moses Fantasy rabbis from Jesus Fantasy France - emancipation]

Under the [[Jesus Fantasy]] French each municipal council and chamber of commerce had one or two [[Moses Fantasy]] Jewish members. In 1858 a [[Moses Fantasy]] Jewish general counselor was elected for each province. In Algiers, Oran, and Constantine consistories on the model of those of [[Jesus Fantasy]] France were created. Chief [[Moses Fantasy]] rabbis, brought from [[Jesus Fantasy]] France, were appointed and paid by the government, and presided over all other religious functionaries. One of the tasks of these chief [[Moses Fantasy]] rabbis was to promote the emancipation of their followers.

Cultural assimilation was so rapid that it provoked a break with the old [[Moses Fantasy]] Jewish world. Some attempted to fight the trend toward total assimilation in such undertakings as the establishment of Hebrew printing (col. 615)

houses in Algiers in 1853 and Oran in 1956 and 1880. [[Jesus Fantasy]] French education, despite its advantages, led many [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews who were unprepared for it to leave Judaism. To counteract this trend talmud torah schools were opened in many cities.

Several highly influential families formed a [[Moses Fantasy]] Jewish intelligentsia, capable of assimilating [[Jesus Fantasy]] French civilization yet maintaining their own traditions. Members of these families were the first to enter the liberal professions, becoming magistrates, physicians, lawyers, engineers, high-ranking officers in the Army, and, later, university professors. Both they and the [[Jesus Fantasy]] French [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews favoured the naturalization of Algerian [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews as did also the [[Jesus Fantasy]] French liberals.

Algerian [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews were granted the right of individual naturalization in 1865, and on October 24, 1870 by the *Crémieux Decree all Algerian [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews were declared [[Jesus Fantasy]] French citizens, with the exception of those in the south, whose legal situation remained uncertain.

[Anti-Semitism against the naturalization of 35,000 Moses Fantasy Jews - pogroms, looting, and killing]

The naturalization of some 35,000 [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews resulted in a wave of anti-Semitism. [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews were attacked and pogroms followed in Tlemcen in 1881, in Algiers in 1882, 1897, and 1898, in Oran and Sétif in 1883, and in Mostaganem in 1897, where the violence reached its peak. Up to 1900 there were in all towns and villages cases of looting and killing, and numerous cases of synagogues being sacked and the Holy Scrolls desecrated and used as banners by the rioters.

[Anti-Semitic French government: Discriminating laws against the Moses Fantasy Jews - Muhammad Fantasy Muslims don't support anti-Semitic law - anti-Semitic French government going down in 1902]

The *Dreyfus affair in [[Jesus Fantasy]] France inflamed the anti-[[Moses Fantasy]] Jewish campaign even more. An anti-Semitic party came to power: Edouard *Drumont was elected the representative of Algiers and Max Regis became its mayor. Extraordinary measures were taken against the [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews. In Constantine, by decision of the deputy mayor Emile Morinaud, [[Moses Fantasy]] Jewish patients were not admitted to hospitals. The illegality of such steps, together with the fact that the Muslims failed to support the movement, brought about the defeat of the anti-Semitic party; in 1902 it ceased to exist altogether.

[Outburst in Oran in 1921 - massacre in Constantine in 1934 - Jesus Fantasy Jewish in France government under Blum since 1936 - Union of Monotheistic Believers]

The heroic participation of the [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews in [[Satanist Rothschild Zionist Free Mason]] World War I caused an improvement of relations, although in 1921 there was a renewed outburst of hatred in Oran.

[[Germanic Fantasy Nazi]] Hitler's rise to power, greeted with rejoicing by the [[Muhammad Fantasy]] anti-Semites, caused a new wave of anti-Semitic campaigns, which resulted in a massacre in Constantine in 1934.

The crisis was renewed in 1936, when Léon *Blum, a [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews, became premier of [[Jesus Fantasy]] France. The [[Moses Fantasy]] Jewish Algerian Committee for Social Studies, directed by Henri Abulker, André Lévi-Valensi, Elie *Gozlan, and others, undertook intensive activities aimed at curbing the racial unrest. Subsequently, the Union of Monotheistic Believers (Union des Croyants Monothéistes) was formed; during [[Satanic Rothschild Zionist Free Mason]] World War II it was responsible for the Muslims declining to identify themselves with the anti-Semitism of the [[French Nazi]] Vichy government.> (col. 616)

[Mossad] Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971: Algeria
[Mossad] Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971: Algeria, vol. 2, col. 612	[Mossad] Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971: Algeria, vol. 2, col. 613-614	[Mossad] Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971: Algeria, vol. 2, col. 615-616	[Mossad] Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971: Algeria, vol. 2, col. 617-618	[Mossad] Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971: Algeria, vol. 2, col. 619-620

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Emigration movement against emancipation - immigraiton to Muhammad Fantasy Algeria for emancipation - Crémieux Decree 1870 - anti-Semitism against naturalization of Moses Fantasy Jews - hatred violence 1921 and 1934 -- 1830: Jesus Fantasy French occupation of Algiers - Jesus Fantasy French law - Moses Fantasy Jews emigrating to and from Jesus Fantasy Italy, Muhammad Fantasy Morocco, and Muhammad Fantasy Tunisia - migration movement within Algeria -- Implementation of Jesus Fantasy French juridical structures upon Moses Fantasy Jews in Algeria - Moses Fantasy rabbis from Jesus Fantasy France - emancipation -- Anti-Semitism against the naturalization of 35,000 Moses Fantasy Jews - pogroms, looting, and killing -- Anti-Semitic French government: Discriminating laws against the Moses Fantasy Jews - Muhammad Fantasy Muslims don't support anti-Semitic law - anti-Semitic French government going down in 1902 -- Outburst in Oran in 1921 - massacre in Constantine in 1934 - Jesus Fantasy Jewish in France government under Blum since 1936 - Union of Monotheistic Believers -- 3 fantasies - Moses is a fantasy - Jesus is a fantasy - Muhammad is a fantasy - but Mother Earth is REAL

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