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[Mossad] Encyclopaedia Judaica

Moses Fantasy Jews in Muhammad Fantasy Algeria 06: Moses Fantasy Jews in Algiers

The play of fantasies in Algeria: Algiers

Moses Fantasy Jewish immigration from different countries - separate developments - privileged under the Muhammad Fantasy Turks - plague 1706 - new rich Moses Fantasy Jews immigrating in the 17th century - religious struggle - Busnach 1805 - Moses Fantasy Jews at stake 1815 - Jesus Fantasy French rule with emancipation - anti-Semitism - racist anti-Muslim Herzl Zionism - Muhammad Fantasy Algerian nationalism and Moses Fantasy Jewish emigration

[Mossad] Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971: Algiers, vol. 2, col. 623-624, [Moses Fantasy] Jewish boy

[Mossad] Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971: Algiers, vol. 2, col. 623-624, [Moses Fantasy] Jewish woman

[Mossad] Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971: Algiers, vol. 2, col. 623-624, [Moses Fantasy] Jew with turban

from: Algiers; In: [Mossad] Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971, vol. 2

presented by Michael Palomino (2007 / 2019)

[[English writing is Algiers, Jesus Fantasy French writing is Algier]].

3 fantasies - Moses is a fantasy - Jesus is a fantasy - Muhammad is a fantasy - but Mother Earth is REAL
Moses is a fantasy - nothing could be found of him. The proofs are in the book: The Bible unearthed - link. So, [[Moses Fantasy]] Jewry is a fantasy, and also the  [[Moses Fantasy]] Jewish calendar is a fantasy. Also Jesus is a fantasy: nothing could be found, but it's a code fantasy with the numbers 3,12,13 and 33 - link. Therefore, [[Jesus Fantasy]] Christiandom is a fantasy, and also the [[Jesus Fantasy]] Christian calendar is a fantasy - and the Vatican is a criminal pedophile satanic drug money laundering bank mafia - link with videos - link with news. Also Muhammad is a fantasy: nothing could be found, and the name "Muhammad" was used only since 850, not in 600 - link. Therefore also the Muslim calendar is a fantasy. Peace and healings and instructions how to handle the planet are with Mother Earth - Mother Earth is REAL and everybody can learn it: http://www.med-etc.com - have a good day. - Michael Palomino, May 12, 2019

Encyclopaedia Judaica = Mossad - link with proofs (English)

[since 1248: Moses Fantasy Jews from France and Majorca]

<ALGIERS (Al-Jazair),

capital of *[[Muhammad Fantasy]] Algeria. The small [[Moses Fantasy]] Jewish community in the late Middle Ages was enlarged after 1248 by [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews from the Languedoc, and, about 1287 by [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews from Majorca.

The population of Majorcan [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews increased between 1296 and 1313, when the town enjoyed a short-lived independence. The Majorcan [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews were arms suppliers. Before 1325 the port was visited regularly by Catalans and Genoese, as well as by [[Moses Fantasy]] Jewish shipowners and merchants.

[since 1391: Moses Fantasy Jews from Jesus Fantasy [[Jesus Fantasy]] Christian Spain]

The first [[Moses Fantasy]] Jewish refugees from [[Jesus Fantasy [[Jesus Fantasy]] Christian]] Spain were warmly welcomed in 1391, but their increasing numbers caused anxiety among the Muslims and the native [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews, who feared their competition. One individual (whose identity cannot be (col. 621)

ascertained), himself an immigrant, used his influence in order to prevent the landing of 45 newcomers and advised that all the fugitives be sent back, as they were accused of being Marranos. The qadi (Muslim religious judge) intervened in their favor.

[Spanish Moses Fantasy Jews in Algiers - separate development]

The Spanish [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews prospered greatly and finally became the majority; they separated themselves from the native [[Moses Fantasy]] Jewish community by acquiring a cemetery and synagogue of their own and moving into a separate quarter. The leader of these [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews at first was R. Astruc Cohen, a scholar and philanthropist, who served as judge for the whole community. His successors were the famous R. Isaac *Bonastruc, R. *Isaac b. Sheshet (Ribash), and R. Simeon b. Zemah *Duran; they instituted the so-called takkanot of Algiers which governed the religious life of [[Muhammad Fantasy]] Algerian and Tunisian [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews.

Because of the school of Isaac b. Sheshet and the Durans, Algiers became a major religious and intellectual center in the 15th century. Many Marranos moved there in order to practice Judaism openly. The large-scale maritime trade of the Spanish [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews at the end of the 14th century gave economic impetus to the city and prepared it somewhat for its future role.

[Muhammad Fantasy Turkish rule: privileged Moses Fantasy Jewish class - periodical terror of Janissaries and of the militia]

From early in the 16th century, the [[Muhammad Fantasy]] Turks ruled in Algiers. In order to develop trade, they encouraged the creation of a privileged class. They employed [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews as advisers and physicians; [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews were also responsible for the coining of money and the accounts of the treasury.

The mass of the people, Moors and [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews, suffered periodically from the whims of the Janissaries and the cruelty of the militia.

[1706: plague and famine - false accusations and fine by the dey]

In 1706 an outbreak of the plague and a terrible famine reduced many [[Moses Fantasy]] Jewish families to indigence. Then, influenced by false accusations, the dey imposed an exorbitant fine on the community and ordered the destruction of the synagogues, which were saved only by the payment of a further sum. This ruined the majority of the [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews. They commemorated the failure of the [[Jesus Fantasy]] Spanish who attacked Algiers in 1541 and 1775 by instituting two "Purims" of Algiers, which were celebrated every year by the whole community.

[since 17th century: immigration of Moses Fantasy Jews from Jesus Fantasy Portugal, Jesus Fantasy Netherlands, Muhammad Fantasy Morocco and Jesus Fantasy Livorno - new commercial possibilities - ransoming of Jesus Fantasy Christian prisoners - new Moses Fantasy Jewish aristocracy]

From the 17th century onward, former Portuguese Marranos and many Dutch, Moroccan, and Leghorn [[Livorno]] [[Moses Fantasy]] Jewish families went to settle there. Proficient in business, many owning their own ships, they gained control of [[Muhammad Fantasy]] Algerian commerce and extended the system of letters of exchange, and that of concessions and agencies in Europe and the East.

These new immigrants intermarried with the older families of the town and settled on the Street of the Livornese, completely separated from the *Hara ("quarter"). These "Juifs Francs" ("Francos", i.e., free from the obligations of other [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews), or "[[Jesus Fantasy]] Christian [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews" (because they wore European garments), were employed by all European countries to ransom [[Jesus Fantasy]] Christian prisoners.

Many were able diplomats who negotiated or signed various peace and trade treaties. Among these diplomats in the second half of the 17th century were Jacob de Paz, Isaac Sasportas, David Torres, Judah Cohen (d. early 18th century), and Soliman Jaquete (d. 1724). Their families became the aristocracy of the community and were active in promoting its welfare.

[Religious struggle within the Moses Fantasy Jewish community of Algiers - Moses Fantasy Jewish scholars]

Internal strife in the [[Moses Fantasy]] Jewish community appeared only when the kabbalists R. Joshua Sidun, R. Joseph Abulker, R. Aaron Moatti, and above all R. Abraham Tubiana (d. 1792) introduced new rituals in their synagogues in accordance with the theories of R. Isaac *Luria. Members of other synagogues considered this sacrilegious and accused the innovators of promoting a schism. Until the mid-20th century two different rituals were followed in the synagogues of Algiers, that of the mekubbalim, or kabbalists, and that of the pashtanim, or those who followed the original customs of the refugees from Barcelona and Majorca.

The intense religious life of the (col. 622)

community was stimulated later in the 16th century by eminent scholars such as R. Abraham Tawa, R. Moses Meshash, R. Abraham *Gabizon, physician to the famous "beglerbeg" (Ottomon governor) Euldj Ali (1568-87), R. Solomon Duran II and his disciple R. Judah Khallas II (d. 1620), R. Solomon Seror (d. 1664) and his grandson Raphael-Jedidiah Seror (d. 1737), the philosopher R. Mas'-ud Guenoun (d. 1694), the poet R. Nehorai Azubib (d. 1785), and R. Judah *Ayash, one of the most venerated [[Moses Fantasy]] rabbis of Algiers. Their works, however, were neglected by the new generations, which turned toward other forms of culture.

[29 June 1805: Assassination of Busnach because of too much power - massacre - great Moses Fantasy Jewish families going on for power - Moses Fantasy Jews at Muhammad Fantasy Muslim stake in 1815]

In the late 18th-early 19th centuries the wealth of certain families added to the enormous influence of Naphtali *Busnach; this aroused the jealousy of the Janissaries, who assassinated Busnach: The day after Busnach's assassination (June 29, 1805), they sacked Algiers killing between 200 and 500 [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews. Despite this catastrophe, the great families would not forgo their internal disputes nor their fierce competition for power.

David Bakri succeeded his partner and relative Naphtali Busnach as head of the community. He was beheaded in 1811 by the dey and replaced by David Duran who represented the opposing families. The latter was in his turn put to death by the dey during the same year, and Joseph Bakri assumed the title of muqaddim (head of the community).

Involved against his will in disputes between the [[Moses Fantasy]] Jewish families, the [[Moses Fantasy]] rabbi of Algiers, R. Isaac Abulker, was dragged to the [[Muhammad Fantasy Muslim]] stake with seven other notables of the town (1815).

[since 1830: Jesus Fantasy French occupation and Jesus Fantasy French rule - citizen decree - pogroms - Moses Fantasy Zionist conference]

After the landing of the [[Jesus Fantasy]] French in 1830, Jacob Bakri was named "Chef de la Nation Israélite"; he was replaced by Aaron Moatti whose appointment was terminated in 1834.

In 1870 [[Muhammad Fantasy]] Algerian [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews became [[Jesus Fantasy]] French citizens; subsequently anti-Semitism spread throughout the country manifesting itself in serious pogroms, particularly in Algiers (1884-87, 1897-98).

After [[Satanist Rothschild Free Mason]] World War I a [[Moses Fantasy]] Zionist conference, the first in [[Muhammad Fantasy]] Algeria, was organized at Algiers. Although the [[Moses Fantasy]] Jewish élite was always active in the defense of [[Moses Fantasy]] Judaism, they were loyal [[Jesus Fantasy]] French citizens.

[Civil war for independence - ravaged synagogues]

The Algiers community was deeply affected by the nationalist struggle for independence.

[[Moses Fantasy Jews were between Jesus Fantasy French and Muhammad Fantasy Algerian citizenship, and from 1965 on, Boumédienne started an anti-Jewish boycott movement]].

Much of the communal structure ceased to exist. The Great Synagogue in the ancient quarter, ravaged in the [[Jesus Fantasy]] Christmas Eve riots of 1960 was only temporarily restored. The Maimonides [[Moses Fantasy]] rabbinical college was closed. During the [[Jesus Fantasy]] French army's search of (col. 623)

Bab-el-Oued in 1962, in reprisal for the machinegunning of [[Jesus Fantasy]] French soldiers by the local O.A.S., the synagogue of that quarter was ravaged.

Population Statistics.

During the last four centuries the [[Moses Fantasy]] Jewish population of Algiers declined and increased according to the economic and political situation of the capital. In the 16th century it declined from 2,000 to 750 persons, because of the Spanish assaults. In the 17th and 18th centuries the number of [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews rose to 15,000, but then decreased to 7,000 and later, to 5,000.

About the same number was found there by the [[Jesus Fantasy]] French in 1830. Eight years later there were over 6,000 [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews, but after the anti-Semitic persecutions of the last decades of the 19th century only 5,000 remained.

After 1900, with the defeat of the anti-[[Moses Fantasy]] Jewish party, the [[Moses Fantasy]] Jewish population increased continuously: 10,822 in 1901, 17,053 in 1921, 23,550, in 1931, and 25,591 in 1941.

During World War II Algiers received over 1,000 [[Moses Fantasy]] Jewish refugees from Europe; after the uprising against the [[Jesus Fantasy]] French in 1954 a large number of [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews from the interior settled in Algiers.

Over 95% of this population, numbering about 34,000, left the capital when the declaration of independence was proclaimed in 1962. The vast majority emigrated to France, some went to America, and some to Israel. By 1963 only 2,500 [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews remained in Algiers. In 1969 their number was reduced to a few hundred.

See also *[[Muhammad Fantasy]] Algeria.

Bibliography: See [[Muhammad Fantasy]] Algeria.

[D.CO.]> (col. 624)

Sources
[Mossad] Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971: Algiers, vol. 2, col. 621-622	[Mossad] Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971: Algiers, vol. 2, col. 623-624

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Moses Fantasy Jewish immigration from different countries - separate developments - privileged under the Muhammad Fantasy Turks - plague 1706 - new rich Moses Fantasy Jews immigrating in the 17th century - religious struggle - Busnach 1805 - Moses Fantasy Jews at stake 1815 - Jesus Fantasy French rule with emancipation - anti-Semitism - racist anti-Muslim Herzl Zionism - Muhammad Fantasy Algerian nationalism and Moses Fantasy Jewish emigration -- since 1248: Moses Fantasy Jews from France and Majorca -- since 1391: Moses Fantasy Jews from Jesus Fantasy Jesus Fantasy Christian Spain -- Spanish Moses Fantasy Jews in Algiers - separate development -- Muhammad Fantasy Turkish rule: privileged Moses Fantasy Jewish class - periodical terror of Janissaries and of the militia -- 1706: plague and famine - false accusations and fine by the dey -- since 17th century: immigration of Moses Fantasy Jews from Jesus Fantasy Portugal, Jesus Fantasy Netherlands, Muhammad Fantasy Morocco and Jesus Fantasy Livorno - new commercial possibilities - ransoming of Jesus Fantasy Christian prisoners - new Moses Fantasy Jewish aristocracy -- Religious struggle within the Moses Fantasy Jewish community of Algiers - Moses Fantasy Jewish scholars -- 29 June 1805: Assassination of Busnach because of too much power - massacre - great Moses Fantasy Jewish families going on for power - Moses Fantasy Jews at Muhammad Fantasy Muslim stake in 1815 -- since 1830: Jesus Fantasy French occupation and Jesus Fantasy French rule - citizen decree - pogroms - Moses Fantasy Zionist conference -- Civil war for independence - ravaged synagogues -- Population Statistics. -- 3 fantasies - Moses is a fantasy - Jesus is a fantasy - Muhammad is a fantasy - but Mother Earth is REAL

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