Rumänien / Rumania (Romania). Index

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von Michael Palomino

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Juden in Rumänien / Jews in Rumania (Romania)

Zweiter Weltkrieg / Second World War (WWII)

1. Jews in Rumania (Romania) in WW II (01): Massacres and camps (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971) English

Massacres - deportations - ghetto system - confiscations - prohibitions of profession - "illegal" emigration to Palestine - heavy tax burden - 57% survived

2. Jews in Rumania (Romania) in WW II (02): Jewish Resistance (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971) English

Boycott of German goods since 1933 - Jewish parties and organizations - actions against anti-Jewish laws and against the yellow badge - actions against deportation orders - assistance committee for deported Jews in Transnistria

1944-1971

1. Jews in Rumania (Romania) 1944-1971 (01): Destruction of racist Zionism in Rumania (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971) English

Harsh conditions 1944-1947 - "Soviet" Rumania - emigration movements - racist Zionists take the lead - elimination of racist Zionist organizations since 1948 - relations to Herzl Israel

2. Jews in Rumania (Romania) 1944-1971 (02): Jewish Life (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971) English

Religion, education, Jewish schools - language discussion, writers, press, Jewish theater

Jews in Rumania (Romania). Sources
Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): Rumania (Romania), vol. 14, col. 401-402	Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): Rumania (Romania), vol. 14, col. 401-402, map of Romania 1939-1941	Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): Rumania (Romania), vol. 14, col. 403-404	Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): Rumania (Romania), vol. 14, col. 405-406
Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): Rumania (Romania), vol. 14, col. 407-408	Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): Rumania (Romania), vol. 14, col. 409-410	Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): Rumania (Romania), vol. 14, col. 411-412	Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): Rumania (Romania), vol. 14, col. 413-414
Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): Rumania (Romania), vol. 14, col. 415-416

Juden in rumänischen Regionen: Bukowina / Jews in Rumanian (Romanian) regions: Bukovina

Jews in Bukovina (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971)
Trade since 13th century - Cossack invasion in 1656 - Austrian rule with restrictions - split of the community between left and right - Romanian rule - Soviet rule - Holocaust in northern Bukovina - Soviet rule (northern Bukovina) and emigration movement (southern Bukovina under Romanian rule)

Juden in rumänischen Städten / Jews in Rumanian (Romanian) towns

Jews in Botosani (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971)
Jewish life in Botosani under the Walachian princes and the Romanian government - Jewish Polish refugees 1939-1940 - discrimination and WW II 1940-1944 - Jews in the leading positions 1944 - emigration to Palestine

Jews in Bucharest (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971)
Walachian princes and the Jews - Russian occupation - quarrel between orthodox and progressive Jews - emancipation - cultural life - WW I and WW II - Jews in communist Bucharest

Jews in Cluj (Kolozsvár, Klausenburg) (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971)
Strong discrimination under the Hungarian Emperor - general permission since 1848 - cultural life - WW II with discriminations, ghetto and deportations - racist Zionism forbidden under communism - Jews leaving Cluj

Jews in Constanta (until 1878: Küstendje; Konstanza) (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971)
Turkish rule - Romanian rule - WW II with expropriation, deportation and forced labour - center for emigration to Palestine

Jews in Dorohoi (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971)
Jewish life in Dorohoi - deportations during World War II to Transnistria - and a big part brought back

Jews in Harlau (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971)
Jews in Moldavian Harlau - synagogues - exchange of Jews 1899-1900 by persecutions - deportations during World War II